Tuesday, December 3, 2013

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Thanks for visiting Historic Happenings! If you are not on the email list, and would like to be notified via email when a new posting of this newsletter is made, please email Terry Ommen at
histerry@comcast.net. I will add you to the list. I will never share your email address with anyone without your permission.    NOTICE:           You can now comment publically and directly about topics on this blog. Just click on the "Comments" after the "Say What" portion and let your voice be heard!


Congratulations go out to George Pilling who correctly guessed the last mystery spot as the Tulare County Library, now the Children's Library portion. Nice work, George.

Okay, now for the next one. Here are your clues:
1) It once housed the California Prune and Apricot Grower's Association.
2) As a result some people called it the Prune House.
3) It is located on the first named street in Visalia.
4) It is a huge building.
Where is this building? Good luck.






Tipton-Lindsey School Appears on Dishes
Bruce Geiger shared that he had a couple of small dishes in his collection. They are old and marked: Grammar School, Visalia, California. Both of them show the Tipton-Lindsey School. It was built in 1891 on the site where the Tulare County Library is today. The dishes were produced by and marked
"Wheelock, Dresden Germany Made in German for S. Sweet & Co. Visalia, California." By the way, the school depicted on these dishes had nothing to do with towns of Tipton or Lindsay. This school was named after the prominent Visalia pioneer named Tipton Lindsey. The brick school apparently was poorly constructed and within a couple of decades after it was built, it was condemned. In 1920 it was torn down. Thanks for sharing these important treasurers, Bruce.


Centennial Edition—A Treasure Trove of History
On October 11, 1974, the Visalia Times Delta issued a Centennial Edition commemorating the city's centennial 1874-1974.  This historical newspaper celebrated Visalia's incorporation year of 1874. The newspaper was issued in 1974 and was a huge success with various historical sections highlighting Visalia's rich past. It is a keepsake edition and is an important memento from Visalia's past. It has played an important part in keeping Visalia's history alive. HH follower Gary Holder was kind enough to share his copy. This edition can still be found occasionally, but it's getting harder to find them. Thanks, Gary.



Lion's Club—Visalia Safety Patrol
Richard Drath is at it again. This time he found a Lion's Visalia Safety Patrol hat. As a young boy attending Houston School in the late 1950s, Richard wore this one and carried a stop sign on a pole and escorted other students across streets near the school. It was provided by the local Lion's Club where his father Ralph was a Lion and he was a well-known principal (Highland and Houston schools in Visalia.) Do elementary school children do crossing guard duty anywhere anymore? I doubt it.


Visalia Was in Heart of Four Creeks
Occasionally questions have come up about the term Four Creeks. In 1850 and the few years that followed, our area was called Four Creeks Country. It was a fertile delta region recognized by many and  Visalia would have been right in the middle of it. In 1853 the Williamson survey party came through here and documented their observations: "From the level of the arid and treeless plain bounded on the west by the equally barren mountains, we made a sudden descent of about ten feet to the bottom land of Four Creeks. Here the aspect of the landscape suddenly changed. Instead of the brown, parched surface of gravel, to which the eye is accustomed on the surrounding plains, we find the ground hidden from view by luxuriant growth of grass and the air fragrant with the perfume of flowers. The sound of flowing brooks and the notes of the wild birds greet the ear in strange contrast with the rattle produced by the hot wind as it sweeps over the dried weeds and gravel of the plain. The whole scene is overshadowed by groves of majestic oaks and the eye can wander down long avenues of trees until lost in the shadows of their foliage. This scene of natural beauty is the result of natural irrigation, the ground being abundantly watered by the Pi-piyunna [Kaweah] river, which supplies the water that forms the Four Creeks. In fact, a broad delta is here formed between the Tulare lake and the mountains, and the profuse vegetation may not only be referred to the presence of water, but to the fertility of the soil, which is alluvial and is frequently enriched by overflows of the creeks."


Sol Sweet—Early Visalia Aviator
HH follower Pat Willis suggested that I include something about Visalia pioneer aviator Sol Sweet. The Sweet family of course was well-known for their big department store in town, but Sol Sweet made a name for himself as a local aviator. He learned to fly in 1924 and in 1926 he bought his first airplane. A year later Sol Sweet and Eddie Deeds were flying from Porterville to Visalia when the plane developed mechanical problems. They were forced down on Putnam's Field, an area of open land near what is now Highways 198 and 99. The emergency landing site became the Visalia Municipal Airport. Sol Sweet is shown here on Sol Sweet Day at the Visalia Airport in 1988. The famous aviator is on the left with Bonnell Pryor on the right.


Amazing Historical Photographs Appearing at 210
On December 9th starting at 7:00pm at the 210 Center at Locust and Center streets, there will be a historical photo program. The Visalia Times Delta has been receiving interesting photos over the last week or so submitted by people willing to share. The photos submitted are sure to be interesting, and it will be fun to display  and discuss them. It is a free program from 7:00-8:30pm, so come by and join in on the discussion of these historic pictures. Click on this brochure for additional details.



***Still no definitive answer about the statues at Mooney Grove Park and the possible connection between them and possible drownings in the pond. I'm sure the answer is out there somewhere, but it is going to take some more detective work. Did the drownings occur or are they urban legend?

***The 2014 historic calendars are finished? They have been provided this year by the Central Valley Community Bank, the financial institution that took over the project from Visalia Community Bank. The calendars will be distributed free of charge at the 210 Center on the evening of December 9th at 7:00pm during the photo program. Come by and pick your up.

***In 1952 Visalia was rocked by the 7.7 Tehachapi earthquake. If you'd like to read more about its effect in Tehachapi and Visalia, go to the November 2013 Lifestyle Magazine starting on page 18. You can read it online at http://issuu.com/lifestylemagazine/docs/lifestyle_nov_web




Fashion is a tyrant whose commands most people obey. Nevertheless many of us know that woman is never so graceful, never so beautiful as when gowned so as to leave her body unconfined by braces, straps, strings and corsets.  Daily Visalia Delta, March 25, 1904

Sunday, November 3, 2013

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Thanks for visiting Historic Happenings! If you are not on the email list, and would like to be notified via email when a new posting of this newsletter is made, please email Terry Ommen at
histerry@comcast.net. I will add you to the list. I will never share your email address with anyone without your permission.    NOTICE: You can now comment publicly and directly about topics on this blog. Just click on the "Comments" after the "Say What" portion and let your voice be heard!


Well, Jaime Hitchcock is back on top! He was the first to recognize the old municipal court building on the northeast corner of Church and Center streets as the mystery spot.  So many of you recognized this building.  Good work Jaime for being the first.


Here's the next one with clues. Where is this building?
1) The building was built in 1936
2) It's the site of the little white school house
3) The name Tipton and Lindsey are connected to this site
4) Many early church services were held on this site when the town began

Good luck!



J. Pierce Gannon Sr. and Jr. Were Part of Our History
For many Visalia old timers the name J. Pierce Gannon Sr. means a public spirited man who during the 1930s was mayor of Visalia. It was my honor to give his eulogy at the time of his passing at the request of his son J. Pierce Gannon Jr. The senior Gannon was born in 1896 and came to Visalia in 1902 and was very entrenched in community activities. Junior was also a Visalian, but spent  much of his life away from Visalia. Thanks to Junior’s  son  (and Gannon Sr.'s grandson), much of his Visalia history has been preserved after both distinguished  men passed away. This photo shows Mayor J. Pierce Gannon posing with a group called "Wilson's Rambler's" and he is on the far right in this 1938 photograph. Thanks to the Gannon ancestors for keeping their history


Dwight Mikkelsen Returns to Visalia
Dwight B. Mikkelsen is a Visalia guy. He graduated from Mt. Whitney in 1970 and he is a COS grad as well. Shortly after his time at COS he headed south to the Los Angeles area to devote himself to music. And devote he did! Dwight is now a highly accomplished musical talent whose credentials seem to have no end. Recently he composed music for the classic rock group "Chicago." Yes, I did say "Chicago." I would encourage you to visit his musically oriented website at www.noteslinger.com . It's a wonderful site. A few days ago this Visalia composer returned to our town to share his latest accomplishment. Freedom's Rush is his very interesting collection of stories about his solo motorcycle travels with "The Beast." Dwight loves motorcycles and wrote Freedom's Rush to share some of his stories. He wrote it under the name of Foster Kinn. To take a look at the book and review it, please go to     http://www.freedomsrush.net/Opening_Page.html  Dwight had a book signing get-to-gather recently and his old friends had a great time and Dwight did too. It was nice to finally get to meet the man I had only communicated with electronically. Talk about Visalia’s brain drain!


81-Year Old Giant Sequoia in Visalia?
In 1936 Visalia Postmaster Nathan Levy authorized the placement of two Giant Sequoia (Sequoia Giganteas) trees on the downtown (Acequia Street) post office property. One was planted on the eastside of the building and one was planted on the west side. Several years ago the one on the eastside was apparently removed (I don't recall hearing about it), but the 81-year old tree on the west side appears to be alive and well. I say appears, because to me it looks like a Sequoia tree and has all the markings of such. However, it's shaped differently.  Needles and bark sure look and feel like a Sequoia to me. If anyone can verify that this is a Sequoia tree, I would very much appreciate it. At the time of the planting the postmaster indicated that Visalia was the only post office in the United States where a Sequoia tree was on the grounds. Guy Hopping, Superintendent of the General Grant National Park (now part of  Kings Canyon National Park), assisted with the planting. These two tiny trees at the time of planting were estimated to be three or four years old and were dug out of the snow in the north grove of the Grant Park. They were planted using "burlap shields." Sequoia trees grow naturally in the Sierra at about 5,000' elevation. If by chance you can't make it to the park to see one of these beautiful trees, visit our Acequia Street  post office.


Visalia, Kentucky is Looking Ghostly
By now many Visalians know our town  was named in the honor of Nathaniel Vise who hailed from Visalia, Kentucky. A former Visalian who now lives in Louisville, Kentucky took the short drive to Visalia, Kentucky recently and shared this photograph of the little community that has almost become a ghost town. Here is one of the few buildings remaining in the town. The former Visalian mentioned that  there is not much left of  Visalia, Kentucky.


4 Seats in a Barbershop Equal a Quartet
It's rare that we get to see any interior photographs of early Visalia barbershops. I love this 4-seater shot! Marian Shippey Cote saw this photo on the internet and contacted the owner of it, Loyetta Aukstkalnis. Loyetta shared this information about her photograph. It shows the Thomas H. Ellis Barbershop at 220 E. Main Street, Visalia. Thomas owned it for many years. He came to Visalia from South Dakota and retired in 1949 after barbering for 37 years. Lloyd G. Ellis was Thomas' son and he married Leta. Loyetta and Mike Ellis were their children. Thanks for sharing this nice old photograph.



Pioneering Mathewson Family
Carole Mathewson is a friend, long time HH follower, family historian, journalist and so many other things. Her family history is filled with lots of interesting people and for a long time she chronicled her family history in what she called the "Mathewson Gazette." Carole provided me with old issues of the Gazette and has allowed me to pull material from it for Historic Happenings. What a thrill! This particular photo is of Arthur Mathewson . He was born in 1832 and raised in Vermont. Arthur came to California and became a miner, but by the early 1850s he made his way to Visalia. He farmed, was active in politics and he died in 1896. Descendants of Arthur and Lucinda still live in Tulare County. Thanks Carole, for allowing me to share part of your "Mathewson Gazette."



***In the last posting of HH I mentioned some statues on the island in the pond at Mooney Grove Park. So many of you commented about the statues and also the basis for their being there. According to many of you, they were placed there in honor of two children who drown. Sheila Caskey Holder recalls as a young girl in the 1940s hearing the story about the drownings but could provide no detail. No one seems to know if it's true. I will try to get to the bottom of it.

***If you'd like to read a history of Visalia's Courthouse Square, take a look at Lifestyle Magazine page 26. You can pick up a copy of the magazine or it is online also at    http://issuu.com/lifestylemagazine/docs/lifestyle_oct_web  Congratulations also to Karen Tellalian and her team  for the magazine’s 10 year  anniversary. Lifestyle is a first rate magazine.

***Anyone remember Edith Ames, the elevator operator at the old Bank of America building? As a boy, Phil Kneeland delivered newspapers in the building and he "adored" Edith. Anyone else remember her?

***Okay, who remembers Linwood Golf Course? Any memories about it including exactly where it was located, who owned it, etc. would  be appreciated. An HH follower would like to know.

***Standby all of you that have interesting old photos that you'd like to share. I am told the Visalia Times Delta is about to announce a "call for photographs." Keep watching the VTD for details this month for an event that is likely to take place in December. Should be a lot of fun.



Two men recently died in Fresno for drinking too much cold beer. The lesson will have no effect. Thousands of dry-throated people will continue to tempt fate by sluicing their tonsils with lager.  Visalia Daily Morning Delta, July 16, 1896 

Thursday, October 3, 2013

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Thanks for visiting Historic Happenings! If you are not on the email list, and would like to be notified via email when a new posting of this newsletter is made, please email Terry Ommen at
histerry@comcast.net. I will add you to the list. I will never share your email address with anyone without your permission.

Congratulations Pete Cowper for being the first to identify the mystery spot as the telephone company building on Acequia just west of Locust. Nice work, Pete, with not much to go on. I would still like to know when this building was built. If anyone has a year I'd like know.

So, for those of you ready for the next mystery spot, here it is. Where is the building? Your clues are.
            1. This building saw its share of conflict.
            2. The building opened for business for the first time in 1965.
            3. The building site was once the location of the Masonic hall.
            4. The building is between an old hoosegow and a building
            once owned by A. P. Giannini.
Good luck.



Visalia Underwater Again—1955
This is an interesting old photograph. I have never seen this particular view. Usually flood photos are taken
closer to the main part of downtown Visalia, but this was taken at the western end of Main Street. I would like to credit the photographer  of this photo, but it is hard to pin down. It was sent to me, but apparently it has been circulated in social media circles for quite some time. Notice the Juke Box fountain on the far right, a Richfield service station near the center and Stella's Italian Restaurant on the far left. Just so you can get your bearings, Stella's was at 614 W. Main Street. Floods sure brought out the cameras and thanks to the photographer of this picture.


A Throwback to an Earlier Time
What is this? Susan Mangini has had this floating around her house for as long as she can remember. It advertises Schaub Radio Service at 108 S. Church Street. Do you give up on what this is? It is a record cleaner! You remember records, don't you? Anyone know anything about the Schaub Co. or family?



C. K. Ragan—Headstone Artist
Dallas Pattee, Tulare County cemetery historian and an HH follower, made a request. She noticed that in the past we have highlighted "concrete artisans" like J. M. Nelson and wanted me to share some of the work of another artist named C. K. Ragan. He was a Visalia businessman, a monument man, a stone cutter and also an artist who often signed his work. The signed headstone shown here is in the Visalia Cemetery, and Dallas says his work can be found throughout the county. By the way, in 1877 the local Times newspaper reported: Artistic—We have noticed for several days in the show window of R. P. Grant on Main Street, a very handsome and artistic piece of marble carving, executed by Mr. C. K. Ragan, a very superior master of his calling. The work is a representation of a little child in a position as if praying, the hands clasped and eyes turned heavenward; there is not a flaw in the execution of it, and is worthy of the many compliments passed. Mr. Ragan may well feel proud of his genius in this line. Thanks Dallas.


E. L. Smith---Purveyor of Patent Medicine, etc.
Alan George shared this old relic of early Visalia with me. It's a bottle he has had for many years. It's a beauty and marked "E. L. Smith, Druggist, Visalia, Cal." In 1900 Ernest Smith and Frank Mixter bought this drug store in the Harrell Building (105 E. Main Street). They sold drugs and jewelry. Smith had just graduated from the College of Pharmacy in San Francisco in 1898. Later the business was sold and it became Switzer-McCormic Drug Co sometime before 1919. Thanks Alan, for sharing this nice old piece of Visalia history.




Cozy Court—A Visalia Sleeper
There are all sorts of interesting little residential gems hidden in Visalia. Here's one for you. Recently, I discovered that in 1929, Thomas Brown built these little "court apartments" for C. J. Boyd at 440 W. Race Street (between Floral and Willis). Collectively, these were called "Cozy Court." They remain standing after 84 years. Good construction there. Anyone know builder Brown or property owner Boyd?



***If you'd like to know more about Andrew Carnegie and the Carnegie Library that stood here in Visalia, check out the history article online in the September 2013 issue of Lifestyle magazine, beginning on page 20. Here is the web address:  http://issuu.com/lifestylemagazine/docs/lifestyle_sept_web

***Ann Moeai, who lived in Visalia from 1950 to 1969 shared an interesting story about the old Bank of America building and an experience she had there as a youngster. She writes, "My father Ted Cooper was not a bank employee but worked in an office on the 4th floor. I was with him one day on the elevator when the elevator attendant in uniform, or possibly a security officer with whom my father was acquainted, took us to the basement and showed us a room that had bales or boxes of money which I assumed to be old or torn bills. It was an interesting little tour, but as the years go by I have to wonder if I dreamed this or if it really could have happened." Anyone ever heard about boxes of money?

***Patsy remembers seeing statues on one of the islands at Mooney Grove Park. Anyone else remember them? What were they statues of? Any help would be appreciated.

***Earl McKee, a well-known and legendary Three Rivers native, has just written a book called Echoes of Blossom Peak: Cowboys, Horsemen and History of Three Rivers. It's a mountain history, a Three Rivers history, a cowboy history, and a Tulare County history, all in one book. Lots of references to Visalia here also. I strongly recommend it.



Drunken Officials—It is to be hoped that the time may come when sober men may be had to administer the law. We have lately had our attention called to the proceedings of an examining court where the court, the prosecuting attorney, and the prisoner at the bar were all apparently in the happy condition of a half-spent drunk. Such things are a disgrace to the community which tolerates them and are bound to call forth a complete ventilation if persisted in.  Visalia Weekly Delta, April 16, 1874 

Sunday, September 8, 2013

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Thanks for visiting Historic Happenings! If you are not on the email list, and would like to be notified via email when a new posting of this newsletter is made, please email Terry Ommen at
histerry@comcast.net. I will add you to the list. I will never share your email address with anyone without your permission.


Ed Stewart was the first to get the last mystery spot correct. Congratulations! The marker is in the courtyard area of the Visalia Convention Center, a short distance from the big wall mural there. The plaque marks the general location of the famous Douglass Eucalyptus tree. Nice work Ed!

Is everyone ready for  the next one? Where is this building? Here are your clues:
            1. It is a very large building.
            2. It is packed with communication technology.
            3. It has very few windows.
            4. The building is between 40 and 50 years old.

Where is this structure?  Good luck.





I Love This Bar, but...?
Well, here is a tough one for all of us to work on. I recently received this saloon photograph from Betty Treaster. She believes it to be a Visalia bar, but she doesn't know for sure. It’s a professional photo and mounted accordingly, but no photographer name appears on it. Does anyone recognize it? I've spent a lot of time looking over the photo with a magnifying glass, but other than one clue, I find nothing that gives me any idea as to its identification. The clue that might be helpful in solving this mystery is a brass plaque mounted at the top of the National Cash Register that sets on the counter. The brass nameplate says either I. W. Thurman or L. W. Thurman.  Does the name sound familiar to anyone? Help would be appreciated. Oh to go back to the days of the elegant spittoon!


More Sidewalk Tattoos Found
In the last HH I asked everyone to keep their eyes open for interesting sidewalk and curb markings, and Mike Olmos did just that. As he walked recently on the sidewalk just north of the Kaweah Delta Patient Financial Services building on the southwest corner of Acequia and Locust streets, he noticed these old chrome emblems embedded in the concrete sidewalk. How they got there, who put them there and why are mysteries waiting to be solved.. Tom Spear was a Dodge/Plymouth dealer in that building from about 1926 until at least 1939. Imagine these chrome emblems imbedded in the sidewalk for the last 75 years or so. After looking around the area of the emblems, I also noticed in the sidewalk near the building entrance, this good luck horseshoe which was impressed in the concrete. There must be some interesting stories connected to these fossils. Thanks Mike, for your great observation skills. Just the talent Visalia needs, especially for our new City Manager. Best of luck to you in your new position.


138-Year Old Warehouse Identified
Back in 2008, I believe it was, a building was torn down on the northwest corner of Willis and School streets and revealed an old advertisement painted on an adjacent brick building to the west. The ad had been protected for so many years by the demolished building and although it was faded and barely readable, you could make out the sign. It said:  L. Guggenhime – Dealer Wagons, Farming Implements & Grain. The building with the advertisement on it is on the northeast corner of School and Johnson streets. When this revelation first came to my attention, I wasn't certain as to
what it all meant. The name Guggenhime wasn’t familiar to me. Since then, I have found out through personal research and the work of several others, that the ad had been placed on the Pioneer Warehouse owned by Leon Guggenhime. Recently, I accidentally stumbled onto more information. Inadvertently, I found the following article from the August 6, 1874 Visalia Delta newspaper: "Large Warehouse—R. E. Hyde, E. Jacob, S. Sweet, J. W. Crowley and L. Guggenheim [sic] have united for the purpose of building a first-class warehouse in this place, fifty by one hundred and twenty feet, twenty feet high, and fitted for the storage of eight thousand tons of wheat. The company has purchased a block adjacent to where the depot is now being built. Two hundred and fifty thousand brick have been purchased, and the contract for erecting the building was to have been awarded yesterday." Can you believe this is a 138-year old building?


Nice Old Images Surface
Gordon Bell recently shared a couple of nice old photographs from his family collection. The first is of the East Lynne School. This school was built in the early 1900s along what is now Highway 198. In the early 1950s as the widening of the roadway was taking place east of Visalia, the school was in the way and was torn down. The site of the school is where Mineral King School is today. The second photo is of the Big Orange drive-in, a restaurant Gordon's uncle Jim Bell owned. The Big
Orange was located along Highway 198 just west of the sales yard east of Visalia. This photo was taken in about 1949 and shows Jim Bell and Anna Matilda Devaney. By the way, Jim Bell owned another Big Orange by Kingsburg along 99, I presume. I think there were a lot of these giant oranges throughout the valley. They have become recognizable historic landmarks. Thanks Gordon for these nice photographs.


Studebakers On East Main
Bob Kabchef is a big time Studebaker fan. He owns them, loves them and is very knowledgeable about them. He shared a few photos of Visalia's connection to this famous automobile. These two photographs show the "Stude" dealership called Switzer & Jordan and shows it  at 601 E. Main Street. By the way these are 1939 model cars so I assume they are 1939 pictures. This building and the surrounding ones are still with us. Thanks, Bob, for sharing these great pictures.





Famous Wienies Also in Watsonville
HH follower and lover of local history, Brent Nunes, reminds us that Taylor's has a companion hot dog stand in Watsonville. Brent offered to take a photograph of it and shares it with us here. It is amazing how similar it is with Visalia's. If you're not convinced, just look at the building next to the stand. Thanks Brent for going out of your way to get the photo and for sharing it with us.




Visalia Photographer Goes International
Some time back, Roy Dressel, a Visalia photographer and HH follower, asked me about doing something in HH about historic Visalia photographers. Coincidently, recently Peter Neeley, HH follower and local history aficionado shared some information he recently learned about a man named Edward J. Kildare who was a historic Visalia photographer. When Peter asked me about Kildare, I told him I only had a small file on him, but Peter had much more information. In addition to working in Visalia in 1875, Kildare was in the photography business in Bakersfield as well. Later he moved to Guatemala and apparently lived and worked there as a photographer in the 1880s and 1890s. According to Peter's research, he died about 1901. I'd love to have a photograph of him. Does anyone know of one?



***In the August 2013 issue of Lifestyle Magazine, there is an article about the historic Visalia Fox Theatre and how it has achieved iconic status for Visalia. It can be read online on page 20 at this website address: http://issuu.com/lifestylemagazine/docs/lifestyle_aug_web  

***Starting on September 14, 2013, Fresno State will host the "Valley Firsts" exhibit in their Henry Madden Library. Visalia and Tulare County are represented in this exhibit and will have historic items on display. It is a free exhibition. Will be very worthwhile I’m sure. For more information go to: http://valleyfirsts.lib.csufresno.edu/

***The Green Acres Airport story in the last HH sparked a memory with Lynne Brumit. Her father was the acting postmaster at the one of the local airfields and she remembers every Sunday her family invited student pilots over for dinner. What a nice gesture for those a long way from home. Thanks Lynne for sharing that.

***Speaking of Kaspar Schlaich, the concrete man who laid sidewalk in Visalia and the man  I mentioned in the last HH, Norman Atkins tells us he once owned the Schlaich home and it still stands on Court near Beech Street. He believes it was built prior to 1906.

***Patricia Geiger asked about a photograph of the old Alpha Beta Supermarket at 2701 So. Mooney Blvd. If you have one, she'd sure like to see it. She said the building now has become a 99 cent store. Can anyone help?


Beginning today no more morphine will be provided by the jail officials for any of the inmates of the jail. The prisoners were notified of this yesterday.  Visalia Daily Times, August 22, 1893.